Wireless receiving apparatus



Nov. 24, 1931. J ROUTIN 1,833,592

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' Nov. 24, 1931. J, ou 1,833,592

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Patented Nov. 24, 1931 JOSEPH LOUIS ROUTIN, OF PARIS, FRANCE PATENTOFFICE I WIRELESS RECEIVING APPARATUS Application filed July 11, 1929,Serial No.

The invention relates to wireless receiving apparatus for the receptionof a plurality of ranges of wave lengths.

It is well known that the adjustment of a receiving apparatus forwireless telephony I or telegraphy is effected by operating memberswhich render itpossible to tune the oscilla'ting' circuit to thefrequency ofthe waves emitted by any given transmitting station fromwhich it is desired to obtain reception.-

=One object of theinvention is to provide v means rendering it possibleto adjust the positions which it is necessary to give to the adjustingmembers by the aid, of indicating means showing the wave length or thefrequency either directly or simply giving the name of the'transmittingstation.

' Another object of the invention is to render it possible to adjustsimultaneously the two oscillating circuits which are provided in 7 mostreceiving apparatus by means of a simple observation on a commonadjustment scale.

Apart from this the arrangement of the adjustment is such that it can beeasily adapted I desired'to obtain reception.

.The invention further renders it possible to explore methodically'allthe stations which are transmitting at the time when the listener isusing the apparatus, and in fact renders it possible by operating theregulating devices 1, in a continuous manner and in the same directionto pass successively through the various adjustments corresponding toall the'wave lengths. r I

For the sake of simplicity it will be assumed in thefollowingdescription that the variable member in the oscillatingcircuits 377,519, and in Germany August 8, 1928.

which are to be tuned consists of a capacity. but the arrangementsdescribed are equally applicable to the case in which the variablemember is an inductance.

Preferred constructional forms according to the invention areillustrated by way of example on the accompanying drawings.

Referring to the drawings, Figs. 1 and 2' show diagrammatically inelevation and in plan (partly in section) how the invention maybeapplied to a receiving apparatus'comprising two variable condenserscapable of being employed successively in co-operation with twodifferent inductances correspond ing respectively to the ranges of wavelengths which are generally known as short waves and long wavesrespectively. i

' Fig. 3 shows the developmentv of a graph for use in the apparatusshown in Figs. 1 and 2.

Fig. 4 shows diagrammatically in a medial vertical section theconstruction of a regulating unit for a superheterodyne receiver byassembling on a common frame the members already shown in Figs. 1 and 2will the addition on the one hand of a special device for illuminatingthe adjustment scales and the indexes and on the other hand the additionof the oscillating coils as also the sockets intended for the receptionof a'heterodyne valve. i

In all the figures the reference numeral 1 denotes a movable vane orshutter which can be rotated around an'axis 2 which is determined by theends of two triangular bearing members 3 and 4. The reference numeral-5denotes a conical cup or seating which is rigidly fiXed to a spindle 6and which is em ployed for effecting the rotating of the vane' 1 by theaid of the friction between the bearing member 4 and the said cup 5. Theref erence numerals 7 and 8 denote the switching devices or commutatorsof known type which are employed for varying the values of V theinductances in the oscillating circuits 9'5" (namely the inductance ofthe ordinary aerial or of the frame aerial and the inductance of thetuning or oscillating circuits), said switching members being mounted onthe spindle 6. The reference numeral 9 denotes to the wave lengths inthe range of the. long waves. The reference numerals 14 and 14 denotetwo cylindrical drums whichare capable of rotation about axles 15 and15' and which are rigidly attached respectively to the movable membersof'the two variable condensers employed for the regulation of the twooscillating circuits. The reference letters a, a, A, A denote two setsof calibration curves serving as indexes and corresponding respectivelyto theshort waves and to thej'lon'g waves, the said curves being drawn,.aswill be hereinafter explained, on sheets which are passed around thecal drums 14 and 14.

The front sideof the vane 1 is provided along the vertical line 2 with acentral strip having a scale marked on it showing the numberswhichindicate the. wave length for the short waves. The said front side has,in

addition to thisthe names of the principal transmitting stations forshort waves marked. out on it', each name being marked at the height ofthe corresponding wave length. The said front side is'likewise providedon.

its right hand side (whichmasks the scale 13) with a duplicate 12 of thefixed scale 12. The rear side of the vane 1 islikewise provided inexactly similar manner with all the corresponding indications relatingto the long waves.

The adjustment scale which is always constitutedby the vane 1 and one orthe other of the. fixed scales. (scale 12 for the short waves and scale13 for the long waves) must be of sufliciently small total width toenable its two vertical edges which are employed as reference lines forthe adjustment, to be ob-- served by the eye simultaneously.

In orderzto render it possible to co-ordi natereadily each of the scalesfor the short waves and the long waves with the correspondingindexes, itis preferable to employ two difl'erentcolours, namely, one for theindications relatingto the short waves and; another for those. relatingto the long waves.

The calibration curves a, a-,:A, A are ob-- tained in the following-m-anner:

'After'having adjusted the condensers for the reception of waves havinga definite length. the operator markso-n the sheets running round thedrums 14- and 14, with re gard to the two reference linesconstituted bythe outer vertical edges of the. scales 12 and .12, the -two pointswhich are located at cylindrithe height of the horizontal graduationwhich indicates the length of the waves for which the adjustment hasbeen effected. The same operation is then repeated for a number of otherwave lengths and the points thus obtained are joined up to form acontinuous curve. p

It will be seen fromFig. 3, which shows the development of the curvesobtained in the aforesaid manner on the surface of the drum 14:, thatthe said'curves constitute nothing more or less than curves showing inordinary co-ordinates the lengths of the waves (taken on the axis 03corresponding to the tunings of the corresponding oscillating circuit asa function of the positions of the movable part of the condenser (takenalong the axis 0 a;). p

When the vane l occupies the position shown in Fig. 1 only the scalescorresponding to the short waves are visible; but if the vane isturnedthrough an angle of 180 in a clockwise direction as viewedfrom above,the scales corresponding to the long waves will be rendered. visible.

It will be seen that in the position shown in Fig. 1 the apparatus hasbeen adjusted for the reception of waves of 275 meters,

lengthr'inasmuch asv the two calibration curves a, a which arethe'curves correspond ing to the position of the vane shown 1n thefigure, intersect thelines of the adjust ment scale at the particularheight; which corresponds to the said wave length.-

In order to render it possible to distinguish readily the calibrationcurves a, a cor responding tothe short waves from the calibration curvesA, A corresponding to the long waves, the two curves have been plottedin opposite'directions so that in the case of the short wavesthereadings increase from the top towards the bottom, whilst in the caseof the long waves they increase from the bottom towards the top.

When one and the same transmitting station can be received with one ofthe condensers in' two different positions (as is the case for instancein the. arrangement of the circuit for what is known as super-heterodynereception), the drum corresponding to the condenser in questionisprovided with two calibration, curves corresponding respective-- lyto'the two adjustments. for the purpose of facilitating the eliminationof waves ca- .p able of interfering with those of the transmitting:station from which it is desired to obtain reception, by choosingwhichever of the two adjustments gives the best results.

In order to render it possible in case of need to correct thecalibration curves serving as indexes (for example in the eventof analteration of the constants of the oscillating circuits in consequenceofthe employment of a new valve) the said calibration,

curves-can be drawn in pencil on suitable material so'as to renderitpossible to erase them easily.

. It will be seen that the indications marked on the movable vane 1 areentirely independent of the constitution of the oscillating circuits ofthe individual apparatus, and that as a consequence of this, it ispossible to employ printing or photographic processes for the productionof the said indicationsin large quantities. This constitutes anadvantage of very great importance, as it renders it possible to prepareperiodically with little expense revisedrcopies, taking into account themodifications which are frequently made in the distribution of the wavelengths amongst the diiierent transmitting stations.

In order to remove a vane bearing obsolete indications from theapparatus, it is only necessary to raise it so as to disengage it fromthe lower seating 4, and in order to put a new vane provided with up todate indications in place, it is only necessary to pass its upperbearingmember 3 into the seating 9 and then to raise it, thereby slightlyfiexing the spring 11 in such manner as to permit of theintroduction ofthe bearing member 4 into the seating 5.

In order that the vane should automatically take up thecorrect positionin which it rests against the scale 12 or the scale 13 as the case maybe, it is only necessary to arrange the apparatus in such manner thatthe seating 5 passes through a little more than half a revolution whenthe control member for the commutators is moved from the positioncorre-,

'sponding to the short waves to the position corresponding to the longwavesor vice versa.

It will be seen that it only takes a few seconds to replace a vanehaving obsolete indications by a vane having up to date indications andthat the replacing does not necessitate the employment of any tools. Itwill be obvious that this constitutes a very great advantage.

Furthermore, it will be seen that, according to the invention, owing tothe connections between the members 1, 7 and 8 which are controlled by asingle cont-rolling mem ber, it is ensured withcertainty that theapparatus is always ready for receiving any one of the transmittingstations the names of which are given on the vane, the only operationwhich it is necessary tocarry out consisting in the adjustment of thecalibration curve serving as an'index to the level of the station fromwhich reception is desired.

It will likewise be seen that, as has already been indicated, theadjustments of the two circuits are eflected by the employment of acommon adjustment scale arranged in such manner that the two adjustmentscan be made simultaneously by a single observation embracing both theadjustment lines constituted by the outer edges of the scales 12 and 12or 13 and 13' respectively.

Finally it will be seen that by actuating simultaneously the twoadjustment knobs in such manner that the two calibration curves servingas indexes always coincide with the adjustment lines of the scales 12and 12' or 13 and 13 respectively on the same horizontal line, it ispossible to explore methodically all the transmitting stations (whethermarked on the vane or not) which are transmitting at the moment when theoperator is listening in, inasmuch as the apparatus will pass insuccession through the positions of adjustment corresponding to all thewave lengths.

In a modified constructional form according to the invention, thegraduations of the common scale may, for example, be provided on aflexible band which can be displaced in a vertical direction for thepurpose of changing the range of wave lengths. When this modifiedconstructional form is adopted it will obviously be possible to employany desired number of ranges of wave lengths.

It is also possible to arrange the calibra tion curves serving asindexes on flexible bands which can be moved in opposite directionsperpendicularly to the common adjustment scale.

Furthermore, by arranging all the scale indications on translucentbands, it is possible to superpose the two adjustment lines 12 and 12.The arrangement of the three films thus obtained could be illuminatedfrom the rear and the observation of the calibration curves could beeiiected by means of a magnifying eyepiece.

It isalso possible to employ other modified constructional forms havingonly one adjustment line by employing any of the devices known in opticsfor obtaining the superposition of two images.

The calibration curves may also be provided on discs the axes of whichare per pendicular tothe plane of the figure.

The mechanical connection between the moving parts of the condensers andthe drums 14 and 141 may be eifected by any desired known means (forexample, by means of toothed gears or funicular transmission gears).

Particularly useful constructional forms according to the invention canbe obtained by arranging the condensers in the interior of the drums l4and 14. For example, the fixed plates of the condensers may be mountedon the axles 15 and 15' and the movable plates of the condenser may bemounted on the ends of the drums 14 and 14.

In the constructional form illustrated in Fig. 4 the condensers aremounted in the interior of the drums 14 and 14; as will be hereinafterexplained. The reference numeral '16 denotes a fixed plate provided witha window the breadth of which corresponds approximately to the distancebetween the two axles 15 and 15' and the height of which is at leastequal to that of the drums. The reference numerals 17 and 18 denote twobrackets which are rigidly attached to the plate 16 and which serve assupports for the spindle 6, 10, 15, as also for the graduated bands 12and 13. The reference numeral-19 denotes a'control knob which renders itpossible'by the aid of a worm 20 and a worm wheel 21 to rotate the drum14 around the fixed spindle 15.. The reference numeral 22 denotes acontrol knob which renders it possible through the agency of pinions 23and 24C to rotate the spindle 6. The reference numeral 25 denotes one ofthe oscillating coils which-is fixed on the bracket 18. The referencenumeral 26 indicatesthe sockets for the heterodyne lamp. The referencenumeral 27 denotes a plate of translucent and reflecting material(nonsilvered' glass or transparent celluloid, for example) which servesboth for ensuring protection-against dust and for reflecting towardsthevane 1 and towards the indexesthe light emitted froma small tubular lamp28 arranged behind the plate 16.

It will be seen from Fig. l that the vane and-the indeXes'areilluminated both directly by the light emitted from the lamp 28 andindirectly by the reflected beam coming from the image 28 ofthe'source'of light 28.

Inorder torender possible free' access to the vane, the plate 27isarranged in such manner as to be capable of sliding in grooves 29'provided in the plate 16.

ill should be :noted that the arrangementshown in Fig. 4 constitutes asingle operable unit mounted on a'common frame and unit-- ing in itselfall the membersrequisite for the transforming and regulating operationsin a receiving apparatus. The said arrangement constitutes a unit whichcan be adapted to any existing apparatus which may be of the most variedconstructional forms both in respect to the collecting devices(frame'aerials or ordinary aerials) and in respect to the T amplifyingand detecting devices employed before the receotion on the telephone. lg Y 1 i lt-will be understood that tins arran ement can be adapted toany existing receiving apparatus without necessitating any work otherthan that of connecting it up.

Iclai'mr l 1. In a wireless receivingappal 'atus for the reception of aplurality of ranges of wave lengths the combination of: switchingdevices for adjusting the inductance and capacity of the circuit to thevarious ranges of wave lengths; adjustment scales correspondingrespectively to the ranges of wave lengths and adapted to be renderedvisible successively by ii the operation of'said switching devices, saidscales being provided with features distin guishing them from oneanother; regulating devices forvarying the inductance and capacity ofthe circuit for tuning purposes; a

movable graphdiagram provided with: calibration curves corresponding tothe different ranges of wave lengths which serve as an index for saidadjustment scales and are moved transversely to said scales by saidregulating devices, said adjustment'scaleshaving any desired graduationand said graph diagram being plotted by trial without it being necessaryto take into account the constitution and adjustment of the circuit andsaid calibration curves being provided with distinguishing featurescorresponding with those of said scales. 7 I

2. In a wireless receiving apparatus of the type set forth, acombination as specified in claim 1,'in further combination with arectangular vane which is adapted to turn about an axis in such manneras to'cover and un cover parts of said adjustmentscales so as to renderthem visible successively, said vane beingmarked with indications-of thewave lengths andindications of the names of the transmitting stations,each such last-named indication being arranged at the height on thescale of'the correspondingwave length indication. I.

3. In a wireless receiving apparatus of the type set forth, acombination as specified claim 1, wherein each of said regulatingdevices is adapted to be used successively for two ranges of wavelengths indicated on two of said scales adapted to be made visiblesuccessively, and wherein the graduations of these two scales run inopposite-directions to one another sothat the two curves serving asindexes are easily distinguishable from one another,

. 4. Ina wireless receiving apparatus of the wherein for each range ofwave length an ad- 7 j ustment scale is employed which is common to twograph diagrams and which is of such small breadth that it is possible toeffect two regulations simultaneously by a single observation taken atthe two longitudinal edges of the said scale.

r 5. In a. wireless receiving apparatus of the type set forth,a'combination as specified in claim 1 for the simultaneous regulation oftwo oscillating circuits each comprising a single range of wave lengths,wherein said graph diagrams provided with calibration curves arearranged on two vertical drums placed side by side and wherein a commonmovable adjustment scale is arranged between the said two drums.

6. In a wireless receiving apparatus of the scales fixed parallel tosaid drums in the immediate vicinity thereof, a movable pivoted vane onthe two sides of which the indications showing the wave lengths and thenames of the principal transmitting stations for each range of wavelengths are marked, means on said vane for always masking one of thesaid graduated scales by overlapping it and resting on it, twotriangular bearing members attached to said vane and serving ascentres'about which it rotates, a conical cup in which one of saidbearing members rests and which is continuously impelled towards saidvane by spring action, and a second cup inv which the other one of saidbearing members rests and which serves to drive said vane by friction.

7. In a wireless receiving apparatus of the type set forth, acombination as specified in claim 1 for two oscillating circuits eachhaving two ranges of wave lengths, wherein two graph diagrams bearingthe said calibration curves are arranged on two vertical drums placedside by side and wherein the adjustment scales comprise two narrowgraduated scales fixed paralled to said drums in the immediate vicinitythereof, a movable pivoted vane on the two sides of which the indica-.

tions showing the wave lengths and the names of the principaltransmitting stations for each range of wave lengths are marked, meanson said vane for always masking one of the said graduated scales byoverlapping it and resting on it, two triangular bearing membersattached to said vane and serving as centres about which it rotates, aconical cup in which one of said bearing members rests and which iscontinuously impelled towards said vane by spring action, and a secondcup in which the other one of said bearing members rests and whichserves to drive said vane by friction, in further combination with alamp for illuminating said indexes and said adjustment scales, a movablewindow arranged so as to protect the apparatus from dust and to reflectthe light emitted by said lamp, manipulating knobs for said regulatingdevices and said scales, amplifying devices, and sockets for the valvesutilized in conjunction with the circuits the constitution of which isto a be varied, the whole of the aforesaid members being assembled so asto form one unit suitable for adaptation to all kinds of existingreceiving apparatus no matter what may be the arrangement of the latterwith regard to the aerials and the amplifying and detecting devicesemployed prior to reception on the telephone.

adapted to be rendered visible successively by the operation of saidswitching devices, said scales being provided with featuresdistinguishing them' from one another; regulating devices for varyingthe inductance and capacity of the circuit for tuning purposes; amovable graph diagram provided wit-h cali bration curves correspondingto the different ranges of wave lengths which serve as an index for saidadjustment scales and are moved transversely to said scales by saidregulating devices, said adjustment scales having any desired graduationwithout it being necessary to take into account the constitution andadjustment of the circuit and said calibration curves being providedwith distinguishing features corresponding with those of said scales;and a single controlling member for controlling said switching devicesand rendering said scales visible successively, said last-named devicesand mechanisms being rigidly united with one another.

JOSEPH LOUIS ROUTIN.

